Korean family of radio broadcasting official lived under the Samurai code, spoke only Japanese, and taught their children kenshibu (interpretive dance with katana sword performed to poetry) (Gye-dong Seoul 1942)

 

(Notes)

Back row, left-to-right: mother Keiko (38), son Kenkichi, daughters Eiko (18), Akiko (15), father Shōsei/Changseong (창성) (45)

Front row, left-to-right: daughters Kōkichi (3), Tokuko (8), paternal grandmother, daughters Kenko (11), Mitsuko (6)

The children of the Yahata family were taught shigin, the art of Japanese poetry recitation that was chanted in a melody. They also learned kenbu or kenshibu, a traditional Japanese interpretive dance with katana sword performed to shigin. 

The Yahata family lived in a desirable part of Seoul near the home of Colonel Prince Yi U, a member of the imperial family of Korea as a prince, the head of Unhyeon Palace, and a lieutenant colonel in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. He was killed during the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. The home was well within walking distance of Gyeonggi Girls' High School, which daughters Eiko and Akiko attended, and Jaedong Elementary School, which daughters Kenko and Tokuko attended (showing 1933 map of Seoul).

This location is still in a desirable neighborhood in Seoul today, as shown in the latest Google Map:

The father was the head of the Second Broadcasting Department of Seoul's radio station. From reading the pages of Keijo Nippo, it seems like Seoul had only one radio station at the time, and there was a First Broadcasting Department and a Second Broadcasting Department. In general, the First Department handled radio programming before noon, and the Second Department handled radio programming in the afternoon and evenings. In the late 1930's, there was usually a little bit of Korean language programming here and there - a 30-minute news program in the morning with an extra 30 minutes of some talk show, but by the early 1940's, even that disappeared, and the only Korean language programming available was generally for Japanese language courses taught partly in Korean.

The second article is about the orphans at the orphanage Hyangrinwon (향린원/香隣園), featured in the 1941 Korean-language movie Homeless Angels (Japanese-language synopsis here, Korean-language synopsis here) about a Korean doctor who builds an orphanage, saves a pair of siblings from the streets, and gathers them under the Imperial Japanese flag to pledge their loyalty as Imperial subjects. This article also mentions a conscription order, but in 1942, this was a call for volunteers and an announcement of an upcoming mandatory military draft in the future.

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) May 21, 1942

Unification of Japan and Korea starts with the Japanese language

Japanese-style clothing is favored

Encourage the regular use of the Japanese language from childhood, say Mr. Yahata Shōsei and his wife.

Mr. Yahata Shōsei (45), whose address is 140-5 Gyedong, has worked for the broadcasting station for 15 years since its establishment and is currently the head of the Second Broadcasting Department. He is also a happy regular speaker of the Japanese language. When I visited the family on May 20, his wife Keiko (38) greeted me affectionately and the couple told me the following. [Photo: the Yahata family] 

"Since we went to school for Japanese people from the time we were in elementary school, we have always used the Japanese language from an early age, so our own children naturally also use only Japanese in daily conversations.

My mother, however, speaks Korean only in passing, and we wear Western or Japanese clothes. My wife has never worn Korean clothes before, and she has become completely used to wearing Japanese clothes, saying that she prefers wearing them. Ten years ago, I injured my foot in the train, and I had no choice but to wear Korean clothes, because it would otherwise have been very cumbersome when sitting down or wearing geta (wooden Japanese sandals)", Shōsei said regretfully. His wife Keiko spoke,

"The most important thing is that the colonial people who will take on the responsibility of the next generation of the Japanese Empire should be trained to have a strong, correct, and bright spirit. To be of service as true Imperial subjects in the future, we must first get our children used to a lifestyle similar to that of the Japanese people. At the same time, I believe that the most important thing is to educate families to nurture the spirit of Bushidō (Japanese samurai code), which is unique to Japan, in their daily lives. For this reason, we invite teachers into our home every day to teach our children kenbu (interpretive dance with katana sword performed to traditional music and poetry) and Japanese poetry recitation (shigin).

Especially last year, at around the time of Sōshi-kaimei (the 1940 ordinance pushing Koreans to adopt Japanese names), my husband was very happy and said that it was a great honor. Our son is named Kenkichi, but based on the six Chinese characters (英明賢徳光興) in the Japanese proverb saying, 'gloriously prosperous are the outstanding, smart, wise, and virtuous', we named our six daughters using those six Chinese characters as follows: Our eldest daughter is named Eiko (英子, 18 years old), who graduated from Gyeonggi Girls' High School. Our second daughter is named Akiko (明子, 15 years old), third year student at the same school. Our third daughter is named Kenko (賢子, 11 years old), fourth year student at Jaedong Elementary School. Our fourth daughter is named Tokuko (徳子, 8 years old), second year student at the same school. Our fifth daughter is named Mitsuko (光子, 6 years old) and our sixth daughter is named Kōkichi (興吉, 3 years old).

From now on in these times, the Korean people will also use the Japanese language regularly. I believe that this will help us to achieve the fruits of Japanese-Korean unification more quickly. I believe that the most important thing is to speak the Japanese language without hesitation to everyone. Since it is impossible to pronounce Japanese words correctly unless they are spoken from an early age, it is absolutely necessary to encourage the use of the Japanese language from childhood first and foremost."

Spurring the Training of "Strong Little Citizens"

Seoul Shōgi Academy

At the Seoul Shōgi Academy in Shin'ei-machi, School Director Kaneda has been devoting himself to providing free Imperial Japanese education to more than 20 "homeless angels" from the orphanage Hyangrinwon (향린원/香隣園), and has earned the gratitude and trust of all concerned. As the conscription order was issued to Korean compatriots on April 9th, people were moved by the greatness of his divine generosity. "To repay the honor of this conscription order, we must improve the physical condition of the little citizens," he said, and he designated every Wednesday as a physical training day for all the students. On that day, he mobilized all the children, numbering more than 460, and actively conducted disciplined group training.

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1942-05-21

Reddit Link: 

https://www.reddit.com/r/korea/comments/tqcdwl/korean_family_of_radio_broadcasting_official/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3

(Transcription)

京城日報　1942年5月21日

内鮮一体は『国語』から

服装も内地好み

幼少時から常用を奨励せよ、八幡昌成氏夫人語る

放送局創立以来満十五年勤務、現在第二放送部長、桂洞町一四〇ノ五、八幡昌成氏（四五）方も嬉しい国語常用家で、二十日同家を訪れると慶子夫人（三八）は愛想よく迎えながら次の如く語った。【写真＝八幡さんの一家】

『私達は小学校の時分から内地人側の学校に行っていたので、幼少の頃からずっと国語を常用しておりますので、子供達も自然日常の会話なども国語ばかりを用いています。

只私の母がちょっとした弾みに朝鮮語を話す位で、服装も洋服か和服を着用し、夫人は今まで一度も朝鮮服を着たことがなく和服姿にもすっかり馴れて、「着物は和服に限るよ」といっていますが、私は十年前の或る日、電車で足を負傷したため、それからは下駄も履けず坐る時にも非常に困るので、仕方なく私だけが朝鮮服を着ていますよ』と口惜しそうに語り、

『最も大事なのは、これから次代の帝国を背負って起つ第二国民を強く正しく明るい精神を培い、将来真の皇民としてお役に立つためには子供等を先ず内地人同様の生活様式に馴らせると同時に、そうした日常生活のうちに日本固有の武士道精神を養うような家庭教育が一番必要だと思います。これがため、家の子供等には毎日先生を招いて剣舞や詩吟等も教えています。

特に去年、創氏制度の時には、主人が非常に喜んで「これは目出度いことだ」と長男健吉を除く六人の娘は英明賢徳にして光興であるという日本の言葉を基に長女は英子（一八）＝京畿高女卒業＝次は明子（一五）＝同校三年＝三女は賢子（一一）＝斉洞国民学校四年＝四女は徳子（八つ）＝同校二年＝五女は光子（六つ）、六女は興吉（三つ）と名付けました。

これからは、もう半島人も国語常用の時代ですね。これによってより早く内鮮一体の実を挙げることが出来ると存じます。国語常用には世間や相手方に遠慮なく話すことが何より大事だと思っておりますが、言葉は幼少の時分からでないと、正確な発音が出来ませんから、国語常用は先ず何よりも子供の時分から大いに奨励することが絶対必要であると存じます。』

”強い小国民”の錬成に拍車

京城彰義学院

新栄町京城彰義学院では金田院長の肝煎りで香隣園の『家なき天使』二十余名を収容、無料で皇民教育を授け、関係者から感謝と信望が寄せられているが、去る九日半島同胞に徴兵令発布されるや、聖恩の鴻大無辺に感激。『この光栄に報ゆるには小国民の体位向上を図らねばならぬ』と毎週水曜日を全院生の体育錬成日と定め、同日は四百六十余名の全児童を総動員して規律正しい団体訓練を積極的に行っている。

Korean schoolgirls attend a five-day swimming camp at Songdo, Incheon in the summer of 1943, learning to become "healthy mothers of Japan the Oceanic Nation"

 

(Notes)

Duksung Women's Vocational School was also featured in two other articles previously featured in this blog: this one from August 22, 1943 where the students make improvised coal balls from coal scraps, and this one from January 10, 1943 where it is revealed that the Principal Fukuzawa of the school is a Korean woman, and her portrait is featured. Apparently, Ms. Fukuzawa loved to show off her students to the press. The July 4, 1943 article calls the principal Tomizawa (富沢), but I think this is a typo, since she is referred this way only once, and it is very plausible that the type setter made a mistake since the character for Fuku (福) in Fukuzawa is very similar to 富. 

The swimming instructor was named Kanemitsu (金光) - there is a good chance this instructor was also ethnic Korean, because Korean people named Kim commonly adopted Japanese surnames incorporating the Chinese character 金. Thus, it is plausible that all the people mentioned in these four articles were ethnic Korean.

Songdo, where the swimming camp was located, is now the site of the Songdo International Business Development District in Incheon.

Again, I would like to emphasize that I do not post this content to glorify Imperial Japan, but rather to combat the resurgence of nostalgia for Imperial Japan by exposing it, as I explain in my blog post here.

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) June 28, 1943

We will be mothers of children of the ocean

Duksung Women's Vocational School students training at sea

[Correspondent Kim Ba in Incheon] A battalion of maidens is training in the ocean. The ocean training of the students of Duksung Women's Vocational School of Anguk, Seoul started on June 25th and is being conducted in an orderly fashion under the unbroken leadership of the school. The spirit of the girls, who dressed lightly in underwear and took on the challenge of going to the sea, is uplifting the spirits of Korean maidens on the home front.

The rising to action of the Korean boys, who are called to serve on land and in the sea, owes much to the power of their loving mothers. "Wake up, mothers of the Korean peninsula!" In response to this call, Duksung Women's Vocational School decided to provide seaside education to the students, who would become the mothers of healthy soldiers, under the advocacy of Principal Fukuzawa. They rented a villa in Songdo for five days at a time to begin their intense training. The third year students are to rotate in from June 25 to June 29, the second year students are to rotate in from June 30 to July 4, and the first year students are to rotate in from July 5 to July 9. 

The quiet coast of Songdo is a perfect seaside resort. For three days from June 25 to June 27, the sea breeze blowing from the Yellow Sea made their tanned faces shine, and the results of their training could be clearly seen.

The students first got up at 5:30 a.m. in the refreshing silence of the seaside at the early dawn, awoken by kicks to their beds. By 6:30 a.m., they were done washing up, tying up their hair, and cleaning up their rooms. At 7:00 a.m., they gathered in one side room, and at the command of the head of the group, they picked up their chopsticks and, to break silence of the early morning, shouted with a vigorous voice saying, "Itadakimasu!" (a customary Japanese phrase of gratitude which is said before meals). In this way, they experienced firsthand the simplification of their eating habits. Here, there was a major lesson to be had for this training. There were teachers for all the subjects, but for swimming, they wanted to give the students training to the extent that they could swim even a little bit. After all, if the mothers of the future fear the ocean, how could their children ever stand valiantly in face of the ocean?

Thus, day after day, they train intensely in the ocean.

[Photo: Duksung students training in the sea: photo by correspondent Matsuoka]

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1943-06-28

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) July 4, 1943

Korean women training in the ocean

The flag of the Imperial Navy is flying in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and the history of maritime men is culminating in a brilliant autumn. The Korean peninsula is now joining the traditional "display of the sea" with the implementation of the special volunteer conscription system of the Imperial Navy.

Although the Korean peninsula has had a history of a couple of maritime experiences in the past, its affinity for the sea has been extremely limited, and only a few seaside people know how to swim. Most of the people have turned their backs on the sea.

The sea is vast and inspires majestic growth and development. Sea battles to build a New East Asia are being intensely fought repeatedly, day after day. The sea! The time has come to send the young people of the Korean peninsula to that sea. In order to send our young people to the sea, all of our Korean compatriots must directly confront the sea. All of them should know the sea, become familiar with it, and come to experience it like it is their front yard.

High enthusiasm for the blue sea. One school for women plunged into that sea. This was Seoul Duksung Women's Vocational School. The following is a report on the "seaside training" which began on June 25. Let's hear the footsteps of the young women conducting a military march towards the sea. [Photo: Training Center in Songdo, Incheon for the students of Duksung Women's Vocational School]

Never be afraid of the Pacific Ocean

Going to the training ground to cultivate the boiling fighting spirit

Now to the sea! The sea! The spirit of living with the sea has spread like a tidal wave to every corner of Korea. Japan stares out at the world's oceans. The Governor-General's Office called on the young men of the Korean peninsula to train in the ocean, so that Korean men, who form one wing of Japan, could also grasp the sea.

The Korean Federation of National Power (the one and only political party of Japan-colonized Korea) has also started to promote swimming among the youth, especially among adult men of military age, during the summer training season. In response to this call, the women who are to be mothers were urged to "understand the sea". In order to nurture the spirit of the motto, "Mothers, never fear the sea, for the sea is the cradle of our children," the "seaside training" was implemented at Songdo, Incheon with the Duksung Women's Vocational School, ahead of its implementation in other women's schools across all of Korea.

Starting with 176 students of the third year on June 25, followed by the students of the second year, and then the students of the first year in this order, every student in the entire school without exception is participating in five day periods grouped by academic year, turning to the sea saying "Well then, we should first definitely study the ocean".

It is said that it took a great deal of effort to obtain the approval of the parents prior to the implementation of the program. Some parents even formally expressed their opposition. However, they say that Principal Tomizawa's conviction and enthusiasm as a leader were instrumental in persuading them to go through with it.

She said, "Under the current circumstances, it is essential for not only boys but also girls and children to become familiar with the ocean. The best time to do this is when they are in girls' school, and it is not possible to do this at home. If the mother of a child who is going to conquer the sea in the future is afraid of the sea, what's going to happen?" This ardent persuasion was repeated several times.

What does it tell us about the fact that this opposition came from many families of the upper class? It is appalling to hear this kind of opinion from an official who should be leading the way. This project also has the function of making the people leading complicated lives on the Korean peninsula, adhering to the old customs, more prepared for decisive battles, and it also aims to provide guidance in the practice of leading simplified lives in a group setting on the seaside and cooking one's own meals in accordance with scientific nutritional practice.

Thus, on June 25, they took five cod, one takuan (pickled radish), and other tools in their hands and set out for the training site on the island overlooking the vastness of the ocean.

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1943-07-04

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) July 6, 1943

Korean women training in the ocean

Building qualities of healthy mothers
Behold the Spirit of the Korean Maiden

Surrounded by pine trees and looking out over the lawn to the sea 20 meters away, this lodging house has two rooms with 120 tatami mats and two rooms with 6 tatami mats. The accommodation consists of two rooms with a floor space of 120 tatami mats, two rooms with a floor space of 6 tatami mats, and a cooking area with a pot that can comfortably cook food for 200 people. Classes are held exclusively under the shade of the green pine trees on the beach, so that students can breathe in the sea breeze and become familiar with the sea without knowing it. The building is used only for sleeping and meal times. 

The mornings are devoted to schoolwork as usual, the afternoons to ocean training, and the evenings to lessons and review.

The fact that training and study are integrated into the daily routine is effective in eliminating the discrepancy between training and study that arises when training is conducted separately from study. The teacher pointed to the horizon of the sea floating in broken clouds and told them, "In that southern sky, Admiral Yamamoto was killed in an airplane in a fierce battle as he was exercising general command of his troops."

Indeed, the Yellow Sea is also connected to the South Pacific. These words, as they were spoken, burned into the hearts of the young women.

One student said, "Teacher, it's almost as if I can hear the gunfire from the battles in the Southwest Pacific," and the pure eyes of the young girls shone with stern looks in their eyes. It is precisely because these words were coming from near the sea that they were so strongly moving to the students. The sensitive eyes of the young girls stared intently at a point on the horizon.

Once the school day is over, the afternoon training at sea begins in earnest. The students change into their swimsuits and gather at the beach in their lightheartedness. The midsummer sun brilliantly burns the skin of these urban maidens with health. Waves come and go from the distant horizon. The waves send a strong scent of the sea. Both hands are raised to the sky and they stand tall.

The maiden's figure can be seen as the Korean peninsula itself trying to grow strong in the midst of Mother Nature. The naval gymnastics begins with the command of Instructor Kanemitsu, a master of the sea who has a record of saving about 30 lives. The naval military spirit shines brightly in rhythm in the fingertips and toes of the leaping maidens. After this, the girls crawl on their stomachs on the sandy beach for basic training and learn how to move their hands and feet for breaststroke. By doing this, they are finally able to get their whole bodies completely submerged in seawater for the first time by getting wet from the tips of their hands and feet to their heads. Their facial expressions seemed like they wanted to say, "The seawater is so refreshing".

Then, basic exercises in the water were conducted, and the girls were steadily building the foundation for their swimming toward the horizon. Looking at her students in their swimsuits, bending and leaping full of energy and vigor, the principal was deeply moved. "If you showed this to your grandmothers, they would be stunned," she muttered.

Indeed, the war had forced previously secluded Korean women to leap into the open air and then into the sea in a two-step jump. The world that the Korean women had previously known was nothing but the ondol (traditional Korean underfloor heating) of their homes and the square sky that they saw looking through their windows.

Now that the Korean woman was informed that there were green fields, factories, and an ocean, she jumped into that ocean, and now she is a Korean maiden who wants to swim in the ocean to claim it as her own. This is a world apart when you think about it. This is where the qualities of a healthy mother are created.

Instructor Kanemitsu spoke with great urgency, saying "I was surprised to hear that there were students who did not know anything at all about the sea. It would be better for them to still be afraid of the sea". Of the 170 students, only two or three could swim. In other words, only two or three in the entire school were truly capable of using their swimming skills for practical purposes.

The memory of the drowning of a female teacher's student at a certain national school in Pyeongnam, which was reported to the world as an expression of the beautiful spirit of sacrifice, is still fresh in their minds. A few days ago, there was also a similar incident at a certain girls' school in Seoul. Although we could not help but shed tears of joy at the sense of responsibility that the female teachers felt in their single-minded determination to save the children without any thought of the consequences, something was missing.

Why couldn't the female teacher save her student from death? In her ability as a female teacher in wartime, was she equipped with the knowledge and ability to deal with water? We cannot deny the feeling of regret thinking, if only the teacher had been trained in the water. And for the Korean women who will soon be sending their older brothers and sisters, or even their children out to sea, "training in the sea" is a pressing and urgent task.

Some of the maidens were a little hesitant when they were first exposed to the seawater, but they were guided by Instructor Kanemitsu and the energy of their friends, and they were a splendid example for the Korean peninsula as they went into the seawater.

The maidens splashed happily in the ocean as they spread out in three directions. A steamer was sailing on the far horizon. The maidens were surprised and delighted as they said "A boat! A steamer!" and waved their healthy hands at the steamer.

[Photo: Female students studying academics in a pine forest by the seashore.]

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1943-07-06

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) July 7, 1943

Korean women training in the ocean

Maidens, become familiar with the ocean
You are to become mothers of Japan the Oceanic Nation, bearing the burden of the next generation

The rising interest of the Korean peninsula in the ocean has led to the implementation of "ocean training", and now Korean compatriots are making cool splashes in every corner and riverside in all of Korea. Each school organizes "ocean training" as part of its summer training program, and it is a joyous occasion for both younger pupils and older students. The teachers who are the leaders, especially those directly in charge of swimming instruction, are requested to pay close attention to its implementation.

Do not be afraid of the water. Do not hesitate when you see the ocean. We, the people of the Korean peninsula who are a part of Japan as a maritime nation, must become familiar with the water, become accustomed to the sea, grow up with the sea, develop with the sea, and be determined to conquer the world.

However, due to ignorance, incompetence, and inattention to the water, the number of drowning victims on the Korean peninsula every year is said to number in the thousands. It is really a lamentable story when we consider the demand to maximize human resources as much as possible.

The maidens who have been leaping like young sweetfish in the sea are the ones who shine in the wind that blows from the blue ocean. Bathed in the tide and drenched in sunlight, these maidens are like the apostles of good health.

Instructor Kanemitsu brought these maidens ashore and stood on the white sand to give them a talk. 

"You must be bold but careful in the water. You should be most careful not to be careless just because you think you can swim a little. Everything should be done with justifiable bravery. It is a very dangerous thing to change into a swimming suit in the heat of the day and jump into the water with a thump. One should not neglect the exercise of flexing all the joint muscles of the body, and the little time and attention required to wet one's head at the water's edge, immerse the whole body in the water, and then venture out into the water. Especially when swimming in rivers, these exercises must be strictly observed, or a terrible tragedy may result. Students must thoroughly remember the special characteristics of rivers, namely, the rapid changes in the slope of the water bottom, the difficulty in learning the nature of the flowing water, and the fact that it is easier to be careless in the environment surrounding the river than in the sea."

Instructor Kanemitsu spoke in detail about these essentials, and showed his parental love for the "training in the water" that is now being rolled out in all of Korea. Oh, students of Duksung Women's Vocational School, you have a good instructor. Rest assured, study the sea thoroughly, take hold of the sea, and acquire the qualities of healthy mothers of the Oceanic Nation.

After coming out of the sea, the maidens appeared on the shore with drawing boards and paints. They began to learn drawing and painting. They painted seascapes while dipping their feet in the seawater. The composition was in a blue color for the blue sea and in a green color for the green pine forest. A sailing ship with a cool breeze was painted on the blue sea, showing the white sail gliding through the sea.

The sea is my mother's bosom,

Waves lapping in abundance,

The waves support me as I dive in,

The scent of the pure tide,

Whispering ripples,

Oh, how enraptured I am,

Embraced by great love,

The sea is my mother's palm,

Here I am nurtured, here I am taught,

The strength to support the Japan of tomorrow,

I, too, shall be nourished.

Beautiful poems flowed from the hill in the distance. This was an impromptu poem written by a student who was using a paintbrush on the hill.

Such a bright and vigorous "training of the sea" is performed in the most educational and training way by the female students who are new to the sea. The systematic, step-by-step training for swimming, the vivid knowledge learned in the sea breeze, and the social skills fostered by the discipline of group life are all of great benefit.

Thus, the girls learn to swim from a minimum of 10 meters to 60 or 70 meters. In addition to the iron rule of not going beyond the red light, those who can swim well are given a test swim to a diving board covering a pure swimming distance of 6 to 10 meters from the shore, and then to a diving board covering a pure swimming distance of 40 meters from the shore.

The instructor swims with the swimmer by his side, admonishing and guiding them by saying "Slowly! Your hands and feet should move naturally..." as the students gradually approached their goal. We can now only imagine the beauty of their flushed cheeks as the maidens reached the diving board and placed their bodies against the pillars.

Thus, the victory of the "Women of the Oceanic Nation" was valiantly achieved as a result of their training, and the words, "healthy mothers are not afraid of the ocean", were shouted out in high spirits.

[Photo: Water polo training]

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1943-07-07

(Transcriptions)

京城日報　1943年6月28日

海の子の母たらむ

徳成女実生、海に鍛う

【仁川にて金坡特派員】海に鍛える乙女部隊。仁川府松島海岸には二十五日から海に鍛える京城安国町徳成女子実業学校臨海錬成が一糸乱れぬ統率下に秩序整然と繰り広げられている。パンツ姿の軽装に海へ挑む気魄が天晴れ銃後半島乙女の意気を昂揚している。

陸に、海に召される半島男子の蹶起は慈愛に満つる母の力にあずかるところが大きい。”半島の母達よ目覚めよ”この声に呼応して起った徳成女実では福沢校長の提唱で未来の健兵の母達たる生徒へ臨海教育を施すことに決定。二十五日から二十九日までの三年級を皮切りに、三十日から七月四日迄二年生、五日から九日まで一年生と各々五日間松島の貸別荘を借し切り正しい猛錬成を開始したのである。

閑静な松島海岸は中分ない臨海地だ。二十五日から二十七日までの三日間黄海から吹き来る潮風に黒く艶光りする顔、顔、錬成の成果がまざまざと窺えた。

生徒は先ず午前五時半夜明けの早い海辺の爽やかな静けさに寝床を蹴って起床。六時半迄洗面、結髪、室内の整掃を終えて、七時一斉に片方の室に集まり、組長の号令で合掌”戴きます”と朝まだきを破って威勢のよい声と共に箸を取る。こうして食生活の簡素化を実地に体験させた。ここにも此度の錬成の主要課目があった。教授は全科目に亘るが、泳ぎに対しては一寸でも泳げる程度の訓練を施したいと未来の母が海を怖がってどうして子供達を海に勇み立たせようか。

こうして連日、海の猛錬成が行われる。

【写真＝海に鍛う徳成女実生＝松岡特派員撮影】

京城日報　1943年7月4日

海に鍛う半島女性

太平洋、印度洋の怒涛を圧して海軍旗はへんぼんと翻り、海洋男子の歴史はここに愈々燦たる秋。半島も海軍特別志願兵制実施を見て今や伝統に輝くその”海の陳列”に加わらんとする。

半島は過去に於いて海への歴史を二、三持つとはいえ、海への親近性は極めて淡く、泳ぐということに於いては僅かに一部海辺者が心得る程度であり、大部分の人々は海に後向きになって来たのである。

渺々蒼茫たる海、雄飛発展をそそる海。そうして新東亜を建設すべく海の決戦は日毎苛烈に繰り返されている。海！その海に半島の若人を送るべきときが来たのだ。海へ若人を送るためには半島同胞のすべてが海へ直面しなくてはならない。すべてが海を知り、海に親しみ、海を我が家の庭と体得すべきである。

青き海への高き熱意。一校挙ってその海へ飛び込んだ女学校。それは京城徳成女子実業である。六月二十五日から始められたその”臨海錬成”の実態をここに報道して”海への若き進軍”の足音をきこう。【写真＝仁川松島の徳成女実臨海錬成所場】

太平洋、断じて怖れじ

たぎる闘魂錬成場へ

今や海！海！海に生きんとする心は海嘯の如く全鮮津々浦々に拡まった。世界の海を睨む日本。その日本の一翼たる半島男子も海を掴めと総督府では海の錬成を半島の青年層に呼びかけた。

総力聯盟でも夏の錬成期を迎えて青少年層、特に壮丁に対する水泳普及に乗り出している。この声に応えて母性たるもの母性たらむとする女性達の”海への理解”が切実に要望せられ、”母、断じて海を恐れず、海こそ我が子の揺籃です”の心を養うべく全鮮の女学校に魁けて京城徳成女子実業学校の仁川松島で『臨海錬成』は実施されたのである。

去る六月二十五日、三年級百七十六名を皮切りに順次五日間宛二年、一年と全校生徒一人洩れず”イザ！先ず我等こそ海を究めん”と学年毎に海に赴いている。

聞けばこの実施に先立ち父兄の承認を得るにも並大程ではなかったという。或る父兄は正式に反対の意志を表示すらした。それが説得には富沢校長の指導者としての信念と熱心とが大いに与って力があったという。

『この時局下、男子ばかりでなく、女子も、子供も海に親しみ、海に馴れることは是非必要なのです。それには女学校時代が最もよく家庭に入ってはとても出来るものではありません。将来海に征かしむべき子を育てる母にして海を怖れるようでは』とこの熱烈たる説得が幾度か繰り返されたか知れないのだ。

この反対意見が一部の上流家庭に多かったということは何を物語るか。まして率先垂範すべき官吏にこの種の意見があったと聴いては啞然たらざるを得ない。またこの企画は従来の旧習を墨守して来た複雑な半島の生活を決戦に即応せしむべき一つの働きをも持ち、且つ臨海に於ける集団的生活の中に簡素化の生活、学理的栄養実習の自炊生活等の演練にもその指導の狙いがあるのだ。

斯くして去る二十五日、手に手に明太五本、沢庵一本宛其の他の見廻り道具を持って蒼茫たる海洋を展望する島の錬成場に乗り込んだのだ。

京城日報　1943年7月6日

海に鍛う半島女性

築け！健母の資質

見よ半島乙女の意気

松林に囲まれ芝生を距て二十米先に海を眺めるこの宿泊所は百二十畳敷き二間に六畳二間。それにつづいて二百人分は悠々炊ける釜を持った炊事場とからなっている。授業は海から吹き寄せる潮風を胸一杯吸い乍ら知らず識らずの中に海に親しみを感じらせるため、海岸の松林の緑の蔭で専ら行うのであって、この建物は寝る時間と食事の時間にのみ使用しているのだ。

午前中は平常同様学課に振り当て、午後が海洋錬成、夜間は訓話、復習と組まれている。

錬成と学業を渾然と日課に織り込むことは、錬成を学業とは別個に実施するところから生ずる錬成と学業の乖離を除去する上に効果がある。先生は断雲浮かぶ海の地平線を指して、「あの南の空では山本元帥が機上で全般的な指揮中壮烈なる戦死をなさったのです」と教える。

然り、黄海は南太平洋にも通ずる。その言葉が言葉そのまま実感となって若き女性達の胸に灼き込まれるのである。

”先生、西南太平洋の海戦の砲声がきこえるようです”と語る生徒もあって、乙女達の清らかな瞳は厳しく輝くのであった。海近くいて聴く言葉であればこそ、かくも生徒達の心を強く揺るがすのだ。多感な乙女達の瞳は強く地平線の一点を凝視するのである。

学課が終れば午後は愈々本格的に海の錬成が始まる。海水着に着換えた生徒達は身も心も軽やかないでたちで所定の砂浜に集まる。盛夏の太陽は燦々とその都会乙女の皮膚に健康を焼きつけるのだ。遠い地平線から寄せては返す波。波は強い潮の香りを送ってくる。両手を空天に衝き上げ背伸びする。

乙女の姿はまさに大自然の中に力強く育とうとする半島自体の姿とも見られる。約三十名の人命救助の記録をもつ海の達人金光先生の号令で海軍体操が始まる。跳躍する乙女達の指先、足先に海軍魂が調律に乗ってキラキラと燦く。これに次いで砂原に腹匍いになって基本訓練、平泳ぎの手と足の動かし方を習得すれば愈々水際立って手足の先から頭へと水に濡らして初めて全身をすっぽりと海水につからせる。”おお潮水の快さ”といいたそうな顔々々。

ついで水の中での基本練習が行われて愈々地平線をめざす乙女達の泳ぎは着々とその基礎を築いて行くのだった。屈伸、跳躍する意気溌剌たる水泳着の教え子達を眺めて福沢校長は感慨深げに「祖母さん達にこれを見せたら腰を抜かすでしょう」と呟いた。

確かに戦争は深窓の半島女性を戸外に、更に海にと二段飛びさせたのである。女性は温突の世界にただ窓から仰ぐ四角形の空しか知らなかった。

それが女性の働きを持っていた緑野あることを知らされ、工場があること、かくて海のあることを知らされ、今その海に飛び込んで、しかもその海を我がものと泳ごうとする半島乙女。思えば隔世の感深しである。そこに健母の資質が造成されるのである。

金光先生は泌々と語った。「海を怖れるのはまだいい方で、海を全然知らない者がいるのには驚いた」この言葉は海に半島の女性が如何に親しみを持っていなかったかを如実に物語るものである。百七十名中泳げるものはせいぜい二、三名で、真に実用に供する程度の者は全校に二、三名しかいないという有様である。

さきに平南の某国民学校で起った美わしい犠牲的精神の発露として世に報ぜられた女先生の教え子の溺死の記憶は未だ生々しい。数日前には京城某女学校でそれに似た事件があったが、そうしたとき女先生達が前後の思慮もなく只管救わんとする一念からの責任感には満腔の涙を捧げるのに呑かではないが、何か物足りない。

何故死なずに生徒を救い上げることは出来なかったろうか。戦時下女教師としての実力に於いて、水への知識と力量とが具備されていたであうか。ああ水への錬成がなされていたらと無念がるのもいなめない。まして近くその兄や弟や、さてはその子供を海へ乗り出さすべき半島女性にとって”海の錬成”は緊急切実な課目なのである。

初めて潮につかった乙女達の中にはたじろいだものもいたが、金光先生の号令とお友達の元気につい導かれて潮水をあげながら天晴れ半島。

海を三方に繞らした乙女として嬉々と水をはねている。遥かな水平線を一隻の汽船が行ってる。乙女達は”船よ！汽船がー”と打ち驚き、打ち歓んでその汽船に健康な手を振るのであった。

【写真＝海辺の松林で学課を習めている女生徒】

京城日報　1943年7月7日

海に鍛う半島女性

乙女よ、海に親しめ

次代を背負う海国日本の母だ

半島の海への蹶起は『海の錬成』となって今や全鮮津々浦々に河辺に、半島同胞は清冽な飛沫をあげている。各学校ともその夏季鍛錬に於いて”海洋錬成”が企画され学童、生徒をして欣喜雀躍させているのだが、その実施についてはその引率者即ち教職員、特に直接水泳指導に当る人々に充分の注意が要望されている。

水を怖れてはいけない。海を見て逡巡してはいけない。水に親しみ、海に慣れて、海と共に育ち、海によって発展し、世界を制するまでの気魄が海国日本の一翼を背負う半島の我々にも確把されなくてはならない。

しかるに水に対する無智と無能と不注意から例年半島に於ける水の犠牲者は数千人にのぼるという。一人でも多くの人的資源をとの要請下、まことに嘆かわしい話である。

青い海原から揚ぐる風の中に光り輝く乙女達、それは今までその海の中に若鮎のように跳ね躍っていた少女達なのである。潮を浴び、陽光に濡れる乙女達は全く健康の使徒のようだ。

金光先生はそれらの乙女達を陸へあげてしまって白砂に立って語るのであった。

「水に対しては大胆ながらも細心であらねばならない。一寸泳げると思って油断することは最も慎むべきである。すべてが正当な勇敢さを持つべきである。暑さに追われて水泳着に着がえるとザンプと飛び込むことは危険千万なことである。全身の関節筋肉を柔軟にする運動と、水際で頭を濡らし、全身を水に浸して、それから水の中に乗り出すという僅かな時間と注意を怠ってはならない。殊に河川の場合、それは厳重に守らなくては、とんだ椿事を惹起するのです。河川の特殊性即ち水底の傾斜の急激な変化、流れる水の性質を正常に体得し難しい点、海より四囲の環境が油断になり易いことなどがよく銘記されてなされなくてはならない。」

金光先生は細々とかくその要諦を語って、今全鮮に繰り広げられつつある”水に於ける錬成”へ親心を示すのであった。ああ徳成女実生よ、おんみ達はよき指導者を得ている。安心して、みっちりと、海を学び、海を握って、海国の健母たるの資質を得られよ。

海から上がった乙女達は、画板と絵具とを持って汀に現れた。図画の学習が始まったのだ。海水にパチャパチャと足を浸しながら”海の風景”を描くのであった。碧藍の海翠緑の松林という構図。”ああ白い帆を上げた海が滑ってゆく”その碧藍の海にタッキリと涼風を孕んだ帆船が描きこまれるのだ。

海は母のふところ

豊かに波うち

とび込むわたしを支えてくれる

清らなる潮香

囁くさざなみ

ああうっとりとその

大愛に抱かれる

海は母のてのひら

ここできたえ、ここで訓えられ

明日の日本を担う力を

わたしも養うのだ

向こうの丘から美しい詩が流れて来る。丘で絵筆を使う一人の生徒の即興詩なのだ。

こうした明るく、伸々しい”海の錬成”が、海にはじめてという女学生徒の上に最も教育的に錬成的になされてゆくのでる。段階を踏んで組織的に行われてゆく皆泳への訓練、海よりの風の中に学ぶ知識の生彩、それに集団生活の規律性が養う社会性とは大きい収穫である。

かくて乙女達は最低十米から六、七十米まで泳げるようになるのだ。赤信号より沖は極力越させない鉄則も相当泳げる者には岸から六、十米、純水泳距離四十米の彼方にある飛び込み台迄試験水泳をさせる。

先生が側について”ゆっくりと、手と、足とは自然に．．．”と注意と指導を与えながら除々に目標に近づく。目ざす飛び込み台に辿り着いて柱に身を託した時の紅潮した双頬の美しさが今から想像されるのである。

かくて”海国の女性”の勝利は錬成の成果として逞しくも獲得され、”健母は海を怖れず”の言葉は高らかに叫びあげられるのだ。【写真＝水球錬成】

A Korean father spent 8 years looking for the right prospective husband who only spoke Japanese and was a "true Imperial subject" to marry his eldest daughter, who was the only child who could speak Korean, while her 3 younger sisters spoke only Japanese (Yeongdeungpo, 1942)

 

Notes: Back row left-to-right: father Manjirō (~42), mother Taeko (~35), daughter Hatsuko (~14). Front row left-to-right: daughters Sadako (~5), Sadae (~9), Yoshiko (~2) assuming this photo was taken around 1930.

More "Model Korean Families" are featured in Keijo Nippo at this link: https://tpjv86b.blogspot.com/search/label/Model%20Korean%20Family

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) May 19, 1942

The Unification of Japan and Korea starts with the Japanese Language

The "regular use of the Japanese language" is a family rule

More active guidance is needed
Mr. Hiranuma Manjirō tells his story

Yeongdeungpo, the capital of industry, boasts the best of the Korean peninsula. The movement for the complete understanding of the Japanese language, which was stirred up in the rhythm of the construction project for Greater East Asia, is still ongoing today. When we visited Hiranuma Manjirō (54) at 46-Yeongdeungpo, where a "household dedicated to the Japanese language" was beautifully blooming in the shadows of this movement, we found his wife Taeko (47), second daughter Sadae (21), third daughter Sadako (17), and fourth daughter Yoshiko (14) surrounding his eldest daughter Hatsuko (26) and looking extremely happy. That's no wonder. Hatsuko's arranged marriage had been finalized. The reporter immediately turned to Mr. Hiranuma, the head of the household, to offer his congratulations, but Mr. Hiranuma shot back, "Congratulations are great, but our good fortune is little bit different this time". Mr. Hiranuma continued,

"You cannot be a true Imperial subject without knowing the Japanese language. This is my belief. I had been secretly praying for the people of the Korean peninsula to be actively trained in the regular use of the Japanese language, when the movement for the complete understanding of the Japanese language started surging like a flood, which was followed by the excitement of the century! It took me eight years to finally find a son-in-law for my eldest daughter, Hatsuko, from a family that also regularly used the Japanese language, aiming for someone who would serve the nation as an Imperial subject. I was as happy as if we were celebrating the Obon Lantern Festival and New Year's Day together, just like when it was decided to implement the conscription system in Korea". His dark round face broke into a smile with joy that was too much to contain. He continued,

"Eighteen years ago, in the fall of 1924, when Hatsuko was eight and Sadako was three, our family of four traveled to Japan proper and lived in Osaka, Yokohama, and Sendai for eleven years. Since then, our family lifestyle has become Japanese, and we came to regularly use the Japanese language. In particular, our second daughter Sadae went to Japan proper before learning Korean, and our third daughter Sadako and fourth daughter Yoshiko were born in Japan proper. So, not only do they not know Korean at all, but they also speak Japanese very beautifully and correctly, so much so that they always teach us what is wrong with our accents. By the time we returned to Korea in 1935, the Japanese language had already been well developed in Korea, so there was not much of a problem. However, since the Japanese language was not yet widely spoken in general, our children who did not understand Korean at all encountered a lot of trouble, and we came to use a lot of Korean whenever we went out. As a result, our Japanese language skills became progressively worse. Every time our Japanese became worse, we wondered to our disappointment why our Korean compatriots, who were technically Japanese people, were not being actively encouraged to learn the Japanese language. However, time has solved that problem, as the movement for the regular use of the Japanese language has been launched, and there is nothing happier than this."

This praise-worthy household is a love nest that thrives on the excitement of the century that was established in the rhythm of love for the Japanese language. [Photo: Mr. Hiranuma's family]

(End Translation)

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1942-05-19

Notes: The article says that Sadako was three years old in 1924, but that would make her 21 years old in 1942. I think they meant Sadae, not Sadako, was three years old in 1924.

The father says that the Koreans were technically Japanese people. This refers to the prevalent theory at the time that, when Korea was annexed into Imperial Japan in 1910, the Koreans in Korea automatically became Japanese people in theory, and it was up to the government to make the Koreans become Japanese people in practice. Quoting a Japanese CEO of Kyoden Corporation in an article in 1943:

As is clear from the Imperial Rescript on the annexation of Japan and Korea, it was an annexation, not a union. Therefore, the Koreans have become Japanese since that time, and it is natural that there should be no discrimination against Koreans in employment issues. However, this is of course an ideal, and it is not possible for an ideal to be implemented 100% immediately. To make the ideal into reality, I think that things should proceed gradually in incremental steps.

Yeongdeungpo was a small satellite town on the outskirts of Seoul across from the Han river, but rapidly becoming an industrial hub in the 1940's. It is now just another neighborhood of Seoul. This old map of Greater Seoul from 1927 shows its location back then, which I annotated for clarity.

(Transcription)

京城日報　1942年5月19日

内鮮一体は『国語』から

”国語常用”は家憲

もっと積極的な指導が必要
平沼万次郎さん語る

ここ半島随一を誇る工都永登浦。大東亜建設のリズムに乗って澎湃と捲き起こされた国語全解運動。そのかげに麗しく咲いている”国語専用の家”永登浦町四六、平沼万次郎（五四）方を訪れると夫人妙子さん（四七）、次女貞江（二一）、三女貞子さん（一七）、四女よし子さん（一四）たちが長女初子さん（二六）を取り巻いて何か非常に嬉しそうな様子。それもそのはず。初子さんの縁談が纏まったのである。記者は早速主人平沼氏に『おめでとう』と水を向けると、当の平沼氏は言下に『おめでたはおめでたでも、このお目出度は少し訳が違う』と反撃して曰く、

『国語を知らないで真の皇民にはなり得ない。之は私の信条である。半島の民衆に国語常用の積極的指導訓練を密かに念願していたところへ、今や澎湃たる国語全解運動が展開され、これに続いて世紀の感激！朝鮮徴兵制度実施が決定されたときも、とき折りも折りに長女初子のお婿さんを矢張り国語常用家庭から皇民として国家のため役立つ人間を狙って八年もかかって漸く探し求めた謂わば盆と正月を一緒に迎えたような嬉しさですよ』と包み切れない喜びに、その浅黒い丸顔を綻ばせ、なおも話し続ける。

『私達一家は今から十八年前、即ち大正十三年の秋、初子が八つ、貞子が三つのとき四人の家族が内地に渡航し大阪、横浜、仙台等に十一年も居住したので、その時から私たちの家庭生活は内地風になり、国語を常用するようになりました。殊に次女貞江は朝鮮語を覚えないうちに内地に行ったし、三女貞子四女よし子は内地で産んだ子供ですから全然朝鮮語は知らないのみか、とても綺麗な正しい言葉でしたので何時も私達夫婦のアクセントの悪いところを教えてくれました。昭和十年再び朝鮮に帰ってから、その時既に朝鮮も国語が発達していたので、左程のことはなかったのですが、一般にはまだまだ国語が普及していなかったので全然朝鮮語の解らない子供たちが非常に困ったこともあり、自然私達も外では朝鮮語を多く使うようになって段々と国語が下手になって行くので、その都度何故日本人である半島同胞に国語を積極的に奨励しないのかと残念に思っていたところ、その悩みを時が解決して国語常用運動が捲き起こされ、こんな嬉しいことはありません』

この誉れの家こそ、国語愛用のリズムに乗って成立した世紀の感激を盛った愛の巣である。

【写真＝平沼さんの一家】

In April 1919, two Imperial Japanese soldiers were disarmed and knocked unconscious in a village in Pyeongsan-gun by 100 protestors, who tied them up for families of deceased protestors to kill, then freed by the ward leader who feared retaliation, only for reinforcements to arrest 20 protestors

 

Notes: The events in this article take place in Pyeongsan-gun in what is now North Korea. The incident happened on April 8, 1919, when the Imperial Japanese Army was suppressing Korea's March 1st Independence Movement by arresting, imprisoning, and executing large numbers of Korean demonstrators who wanted Korea to become a free, independent country. 

On April 8, 1919, two Imperial Japanese soldiers and their Korean collaborator went to a village to arrest a protest leader, but they were surrounded by 100 protestors. The Korean collaborator ran away from the scene. The soldiers fired their guns until they were out of ammunition, and then they wielded their swords, but they were soon overwhelmed by the protestors, who knocked them unconscious with stones, then tied them up for family members of dead and wounded protestors to kill them in revenge. But then the ward leader intervened and stopped the family members from killing the two soldiers, since he did not want the Imperial Army to crack down on his village in retaliation. He let the two soldiers go on horseback. But soon Imperial Army reinforcements arrived, arrested 20 of the protestors, and rescued the Korean collaborator who ran away. The two soldiers survived with heavy injuries to their heads.

(Translation)

Gyeongseong Ilbo (Keijo Nippo) April 16, 1919

Two military police nearly killed

Surrounded by 100 rioters, they finally drew their swords and fought them

Following orders, Military Police Corporals Okemoto Masao, Yoshino Toshichi, and Assistant Park of the Namcheon Military Police Detachment in Hwanghae Province went to Sanmak-dong, Mak-ri, Bosan-myeon, Pyeongsan-gun in their jurisdiction on April 8 to arrest a riot leader, but were surrounded by about 100 rioters and were forced to use their weapons.

The assistant apparently ran away as soon as possible. The two military police officers ran out of bullets at some point, then drew their swords and entered the crowd, risking life and limb in the struggle, but the mob threw rocks at them. The two men finally became unconscious and completely lost their ability to resist.

The mob cruelly tied Private Okemoto to a nearby tree and tied Private Yoshino in a farm field, and temporarily withdrew from the scene. Then, family members of those who had been killed or injured by the military police turned around shortly thereafter and attempted to kill the two privates with clubs and stones.

At this time, the ward leader intervened to prevent the family members from attacking the two men. Although he had resisted our military forces at first, the ward leader was also afraid of the troubling consequences of the family members' actions. Thus, he saved the two privates and gave them horses, which enabled them to narrowly escape from death. The two privates arrived back at their Military Police Detachment on the same day at 4 p.m. 

Upon receiving the report, a team of four military police and assistants under Chief Nakajima was immediately dispatched, and with the support of neighboring units, they arrested 20 rioters, rescued Assistant Park who had gone missing, and returned to their detachment. One of the two corporals had sustained head injuries, and the other had sustained forehead injuries. Although both were seriously injured, they were still in good spirits and progressing well.

Source: https://www.archive.org/details/kjnp-1919-04-16

(Transcription)

京城日報　1919年4月16日

憲兵二名を半殺し

暴民百名に包囲され、終に抜刀の上格闘す

黄海道南川憲兵分遣所憲兵上等兵桶本正雄、吉野利七及び朴補助員は命に依り四月八日管内平山郡宝山面幕里山幕洞へ騒擾首魁者を逮捕に向いたるに暴民約百名に包囲され、止むを得ず武器を使用するに至れり。

斯くと見るや補助員は逸早く逃走し、憲兵二名は何時しか弾丸尽きし偽抜刀の上、群衆の中に打ち入り、身命を賭して格闘したるも衆寡敵せず暴民の投げ付くる石塊の為、両人共終に人事不省に陥り全く抵抗力を失いたり。

暴民は無残にも桶本上等兵を附近の立樹に吉野上等兵を畑中に縛し、一時現場を引き揚げたるが、憲兵の為死傷を受けたる家族等は其の後間もなく引き返し、棍棒又は石を以て両上等兵を殺害せんとしたり。

此の時最初我に抵抗したる区長は後難を恐れてか、自ら夫等家族の来襲を防止し、両上等兵を救い、馬を与えたるより両上等兵は九死に一生を得、同日午後四時頃分遣所に帰着したり。

報告に接するや直ちに中島所長以下上等兵補助員四名出動し、尚隣接隊所の応援を得て暴民二十名を逮捕し、行方不明となりし朴補助員を救い、帰所したるが、両上等兵の負傷は一名は頭部、一名は額部にして共に重傷なるも元気旺盛にして経過良好なりと。